WEIRTON CITY COUNCIL
COUNCIL MEETING - SPECIAL
TUESDAY, MARCH 18, 2008 3:30 P. M.
A special meeting of the Common Council of the City of Weirton, Hancock and Brooke Counties, West Virginia was held on Tuesday, March 18, 2008 at 3:30 P.M. in Council Chambers of the Weirton City Building.
Mayor Harris called the meeting to order.
Councilmembers in Attendance: George Ash Councilmember Ward 4 Fred Marsh Councilmember Ward 3 Harold Miller Councilmember Ward 2 David Dalrymple Councilmember Ward 6 Max Fijewski Councilmember Ward 7 George Kondik Councilmember Ward 5
Councilmembers not in Attendance: Ronnie Jones Councilmember Ward 1
City Officials in Attendance: Gary DuFour City Manager Vincent Gurrera City Attorney David Lashhorn Fire Chief Thomas J. Maher, Jr. City Clerk Bruce Marshall Police Chief Debbie Swanson Interim Finance Director Rik Rekowski Mary H. Weir Public Library Director Rod Rosnick Chief Code Official
Others in Attendance: Gio Rossi Media - Weirton Daily Times
Mayor Harris led the Pledge of Allegiance.
CITIZEN COMMENTS
Milt Fabianich 113 Kusic Street, Weirton, WV (723-0568): Re: Memorial Mr. Fabianich commented, “Mayor, I’d like to address you and the Council about the monument. I’m the last living veteran who worked on that monument. Tom Millsop gave us that property to put that monument there, and he said the City would be responsible for the upkeep of it. Well, I object that what I read in the paper the other day that they want to move it back for whatever reason. That monument’s been there sixty years. We do not need any more road. It’s fine where it is. Your moving it is going to crack it. I’m asking everybody to keep the monument where it is and have some respect for the veterans who put it there. They refer to us World War II veterans as the Greatest Generation. That monument respects and represents every one of them. And, that monument is beautiful. Pittsburgh don’t have anything like it. Steubenville don’t have anything. Wellsburg don’t have anything like it. It’s a beautiful piece of art work. I’m asking you all to keep the monument where it is and not move it. Thank you.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Thank you.”
Alden Edwards Weirton, WV: Re: Memorial Mr. Edwards commented, “Is it ok if I sit in my wheelchair?”
Mr. Maher commented, “Yes, sir.”
Mr. Edwards commented, “Mr. Mayor, Mr. DuFour and all you Councilmen, please, what I have to say is almost what Mr. Fabianich said. That memorial’s been there like fifty years, and it’s a beautiful monument. I have traveled many states in this United States except the State of South Dakota, but I’ve never seen a memorial as pretty and as beautiful as that one is. And, it is forty-six foot ten inches from the sidewalk to the memorial. The memorial is twenty-three feet five inches long this way, north and south, east and west I should say here, east and west or north and south. Whichever. I don’t know where I’ve turned around here. But, anyway, I would like to leave it there if we possibly could, but they stated in the paper they would leave it there, but they wanted to move it up next to the building. Why would they want to move it toward the building? What would they put in front of the memorial after they moved it from the spot it’s in up to the front of the building? That is what Mr. Terry Weigel, in the last paragraph in the paper said they’d want to move it next to the building. Why moving it up there, take the flag poles out and wreck that handicapped ramp which some day you might need it. And they (unintelligible) and the foundation of that monument is not even cracked or nothing. It’s been fifty years, so I don’t see why it couldn’t stay that way for another fifty to a hundred years. Of course, none of us will be around at that time, but generations of grandchildren, great-grandchildren would know about it. So, if you please I would appreciate it if you would leave it where it is, and I want to thank you for listening.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Thank you.”
George Antoniou 171 Kathleen Way, Weirton, WV: Re: Memorial Mr. Antoniou commented, “Mr. Mayor and Council, I’m up here for two purposes. Mark’s told me to say it in English, but you know, you could afford us to have the right to speak little bit. I’m for the same purpose here. We’re talking about something that a veteran has put up there. I’m not a veteran, but I put three kids through the Army and Navy, and that belongs where it is now. It is the showcase of the City. When you’re coming in from north, what do you see on the Main Street. You see the Community Center, the Library, and the beautiful flags and the monument. You come in from any way. We’re talking about (unintelligible) the downtown. I agree, yea, we have to finish, fix the Center in the front, although we don’t have no entrance. We gotta go through the back door, but I am in favor a hundred percent that the monument should stay there. And I agree with the services, they’re kind of hard to put down here because of trucks and all the noise. Take the services, take all the memorial services on the hill and leave the beautiful edifice right there where it belongs. Thank you.”
John Moore 137 Hindman Lane, Weirton, WV: Re: Memorial Mr. Moore commented, “Gentlemen, good afternoon. I’m also a veteran, and I also feel that the veteran’s memorial should stay at the same site. I see no reason to move it. I mean, we seem like we’re losing everything downtown, and the more we move up on the hill the worse it gets for the downtown area. I think it’s an area that needs to be beautified a couple times a year. And, I think it’s an asset for the downtown area, because, like the gentleman said before, I feel that many people that drive through the town that possibly one of the first things they do see that represents the veterans of all of the wars. So, my thoughts are that we keep it in the same site. I appreciate your help. Thank you very much.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Thank you.”
Ralph Barone 1045 Barone Drive, Weirton, WV: Re: Memorial and UDO Changes Mr. Barone commented, “I’m here for a couple reasons. Good afternoon Councilmen and Mayor. My first reason is I’m a veteran of the Korean War period, and I’ve really appreciated the monument being there, and I’d appreciate if it could stay where it is. I think it’s a beautiful edifice and a beautiful mark of tribute to the veterans of all the wars, whether it be World War II, World War I, Korea, Vietnam, what have you. My second reason for being here is I am a member of the Planning Commission, and I am here to, I was the one that voted against the requested changes, because when I go to a Planning Commission meeting, these things are brought up, and they have been discussed by staff, but we really haven’t had a chance to review them. And, just the one change is, of course, they are allowing two approaches to a house. That part I am not opposing. But, I am, I think the no less than five fee to the property line (unintelligible) for a driveway. It’s not a permanent structure that you are putting up. It’s a driveway, and if a person does widen his driveway, you leave five foot. Half the time it’s not taken care of. Half the time the cars go up and it’s mud. I just feel that the five foot. The other part of it is fine, but the five foot, no less than five foot, I think is wrong. Then add to Section 3.6.7, I was opposed to that because my feeling is that if you are denied a requested change or variance from the Board of Zoning Appeals, I feel that you shouldn’t have to wait a year to come back even though the matter may be the same because you may make a few changes or conditions may have changed to allow it. To make a person wait a year, I think we’re not accommodating the citizens of the Weirton which you as Councilmen are supposed to do. And, as to the third matter, the I feel that this is wrong in making anybody that does ask for a variance or for a conditional use permit that they are required to go around to all the owners and ask them if it’s ok if they make a change to their property, and then notify the City and they notify the people in writing. I, pretty soon if they keep elaborating or keep adding this maybe I’ll have to get permission to come out the front door of my home, from my neighbors. I think that’s wrong. I think it’s limitation of use of a person’s real property real property and I think what the Council, if you would review these things and table these matters until we, as a Planning Commission have had a thorough time to understand and go through these because actually it was presented to us last Wednesday. And, of course, I voted no. The reason I voted no because it was just presented that night, and nobody’s really had a chance to discuss the entire matter, and I think you maybe as Council reviewing these things may have some questions too. And, I think it’s proper that you question us as members of the Planning Commission, not just one person, and not staff. I think we’re a member of the Planning Commission. We all should be involved in it, as well as Council. Thank you very much.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Thank you.”
James H. Johnson 112 Maryland Avenue, Weirton, WV: Re: Memorial Mr. Johnson commented, “Mr. Mayor, Councilmen, thank you for giving me a few minutes. My name is James Johnson. I’ve lived in Weirton almost all of my life. The Councilmen and Fire, Councilmen and Mayors always closed the highway down for the Fourth of July Parade, Christmas Parade when we used to have that, and last year we closed it down for a, I forget what you called it. You had the vendors there and everything which was very nice. But, you don’t close it down for the veterans anymore. To me you’re slapping not only my face, but these other lady and gentlemen’s in their face, because you have not shut the street down for us for an hour, hour and a half at the most. That’s all we ask. It seems like everybody wants the veterans to do their job when something happens overseas, and that’s how we become veterans. If you haven’t been a veteran, then you don’t know what I’m talking about. You want to move it up on the hill. That memorial up there was started from a gentleman from the Tin Mill for the employees of Weirton Steel. I can’t remember his name, but I know he did it. It was all the names up there for the employees of Weirton Steel. Now, you want to move it up there I understand because maybe, maybe Wal-Mart might move up in there. Well, words around Weirton Wal-Marts never going to come in because of the asbestos up there. Who’s going to see it up there? When you come into Weirton, when you come down twenty-two, the first thing you see is the Hancock County and Brooke Veteran’s Memorial down there, which is very beautiful. If you’ve never been down there, I recommend going down there. A lot of people stop there to look that over, and they come up through Weirton, and they see this, another very nice memorial. If you want to spend the ten thousand dollars it’s got, I think that’s what it said in the paper, why don’t you give it to the veterans. You have the American Legion. You have the V. F. W. and you have Hancock County and Brooke Memorial which needs money to keep the three organizations running. I hope and pray you listen to all of us, instead of sending it up there. This is something nice that the veterans started a long time ago, probably before you were even born. Let’s keep it up. Like I said Mr. Mayor, if you want to spend the ten thousand dollars, my recommendation is to give it to those three organizations, American Legion, V. F. W. and the Hancock County and Brooke County Memorial down at the south end of Weirton. Thank you very much.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Thank you.”
Ruth Coates 108 Fernwood Drive, Weirton, WV: Re: Memorial Mrs. Coates commented, “I’m a World War II Marine. Everything’s pretty well been said that I was going to say. But, I want to tell you something. Since this has hit the papers, I have had telephone calls from California, Florida, Arizona asking us to keep fighting to keep it here. Their father was in the service, their uncle. They remember it. I even had a woman call me from down state in West Virginia. He son is in Iraq. He had already seen our memorial, and he’s been telling the boys in Iraq about our memorial downtown. Do you know what she told me? They going to come home when he comes home, and he’s going to bring him down here to see it, because so many places don’t have one. And, when you come into Weirton and you see the planes on the right, and the helicopters, you come down. There’s nothing but empty buildings, gambling casinos until you get to the middle of town, and there’s this beautiful ornament, our library, our high rise for the elderly where most of the veterans are living now, our center, our new center for the seniors across the street, the V. F. W. I remember when my husband was in the Navy and I was in the Marines, and we came home. The one thing you did was go the V. F. W. on a Saturday night to talk to all your friends that had been in the service. It was like a get together. People don’t have that anymore. When I see these young children in the parade, Christmas and Fourth of July, sometimes I take them by the hand and take them up to the, into the memorial and tell them what it’s like, and what it’s for. And, you’d be surprised how anxious they are to learn. But, if we take it down and put it up there, they’re never going to see it. I thank you for you’re considering keeping it. You don’t know what it means to us veterans. Thank you. God bless and Semper Fi.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Thank you.”
Unknown commented, “OO-RAH! That’s for the Marine Corps, sir.”
LAUGHTER
Mrs. Coates commented, “Shall I put on my hat?
LAUGHTER and APPLAUSE
NEW BUSINESS
Resolution TO APPROVE THE 2008-2009 FISCAL YEAR GENERAL FUND AND COAL SEVERANCE FUND BUDGETS. Motion was made by Councilmember Ash, second by Councilmember Miller.
Councilmember Marsh commented, “I have a comment please. When this budget process first started we were given all the department head’s line items, and (unintelligible). In light of the current financial situation in the country, I would recommend that we sit down in workshops between now and the first of July with the department heads and go through those line items. Let’s realize something here people. When interest rates, when the fed cuts the interest rates, the dollar drops. Every time the dollar drops fuel goes up. These things need to be reviewed and redone and looked at.”
Councilmember Ash commented, “Mayor, I agree with the Councilman, and I hope that we can sit down with all department heads, one on one, and go through each line item and make sure that this is exactly what we need, when we need it, and how much money’s being spent. So, I’m hoping the rest of the Council will follow suit, and go along with looking at every item before, I think it’s the first of July. We have to approve it now. Am I correct that it’s the first of July when the budget actually takes place. But, between now and then we have the opportunity to review it and amend it.”
Councilmember Fijewski commented, “This is a follow up to it. I think it’s a good idea, and I would support that. The only distinction I’d ask is I think the City Manager is one the department heads report to. So, I want to ask the City Manager to be the one to sit down with the department heads and go through their budgets, and based upon that review, then come to Council with whatever thoughts, changes or whatever he would deem to be appropriate. So, that the only, that’s the only change I would make is that the department director would report to him. I’d hate to inject myself into that process at this point, since he’s the chief executive officer really of the City. So, I’d ask for that to be considered. The only other comment I’d like to make on the budget, when we put the bid out for the road repairs we were lucky at that point in time to come under budget. And, I know we’ve talked some of the uses of that money potentially moving forward. Is there going to be an opportunity Gary for the members of Council to add some thoughts as to how to use that money?”
Mr. DuFour commented, “Absolutely. I have no objection there too, but I wish you all would bear in mind what you’ve heard today. Our price of fuel is not going down either, and it’s hard for us all at the pump. Our wholesale is not very cheap anymore. So, although it is set aside specially, I would recommend you do with it as such. That was the two dollar fee money that was made for streets, so there is a possibility of using some of that. But, if we want to offset our fuel charges, we’re going pick those up somewhere else.”
Councilmember Fijewski commented, “I just want at some point to reach the, I don’t know when, but we can take a look at that and see what uses we can have (unintelligible). Ok. Thank you.”
The motion carried by majority, 6/0.
Resolution TO SUPPORT THE WEIRTON BOARD OF PARKS AND RECREATION’S RECENT DECISION TO LEAVE IN PLACE THE CURRENT VETERAN’S WAR MEMORIAL LOCATED IN FRONT OF THE WEIRTON THOMAS E. MILLSOP COMMUNITY CENTER ON MAIN STREET AND TO INCLUDE IT AS PART OF THE PROPOSED RENOVATIONS TO THE FAÇADE OF THE WEIRTON THOMAS E. MILLSOP COMMUNITY CENER. Motion was made by Councilmember Ash, second by Councilmember Dalrymple.
Councilmember Ash commented, “Mayor, with your permission, I’d like have the City Clerk for the audience’s information to read the entire resolution as written, the amended one that you got today.
Mr. Maher commented, “This is a resolution to support the Weirton Board of Parks and Recreations recent decision to leave in place the current Veteran’s War Memorial located in front of the Weirton Thomas E. Millsop Community Center on Main Street and to include it as part of the proposed renovations to the façade of the Weirton Thomas E. Millsop Community center and it reads: Whereas, the Weirton Board of Parks and Recreation has recently decided to include the Veteran War Memorial located on Main Street in front of the Weirton Thomas E. Millsop Community Center in its proposed façade renovation project. Whereas, this monument was permanently erected in memory of the dead, in tribute to the wounded and the well and the strong. Whereas, this monument was permanently erected in the memory of the men and women who gave their today’s that we who remain might enjoy our tomorrows. Whereas, this council, many veterans, their families and citizens of the City of Weirton have expressed their support of the decision of the Weirton Board of Parks and Recreation to leave the memorial standing in front of the Weirton Thomas E. Millsop Community Center, where it shall remain as a tribute to all veterans, living or dead, their families and the citizens that helped to erect said memorial. Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Common Council of the City of Weirton, Brooke and Hancock Counties, West Virginia, that Council supports the Weirton Board of Parks and Recreation’s recent decision to keep the Veterans War Memorial located on Main Street in front of the Weirton Thomas E. Millsop Community Center in place and to include it in the proposed façade improvement project. Date: March 18, 2008 This is sponsored by Councilman George Ash and Councilman David Dalrymple.”
APPLAUSE
Mayor Harris commented, “Councilman Ash and Councilman Dalrymple, the way I understand this is you are wanting to keep the memorial in the place that it is or in the place of the façade.”
Councilmember Dalrymple commented, “Just what the resolution says, in place.”
Mayor Harris commented, “In place.”
Councilmember Dalrymple commented, “In place.”
Councilmember Ash commented, “Permanent.”
Councilmember Dalrymple commented, “I’d like it to be here permanently. Since we went ahead did the amendment to the original resolution, I’d like to clear up a few things and explain why we did change around what we were originally talking about doing. In the original resolution was to ask the Park Board to keep the memorial in place and it was written the night after our March tenth meeting, our regular Council meeting. It was based on comments brought forward by citizens during that meeting that were concerned that the memorial was going to be moved to another location, and it was not going to be included in the proposed renovation project. I discussed this with Councilman Ash, and at the conclusion of the meeting, we decided to act on the citizen’s behalf by co-sponsoring a resolution with Councilman Ash asking the Park Board to leave the memorial in place. The Park Board was originally meet this Thursday on the twentieth to discuss the renovation project. However, their meeting was moved up to last week at the last minute. As of late last week interviews were already conducted and given to the local media and pertaining to the memorial relocation with the mindset that the Park Board’s meeting date would be two days after today. The timeline for the resolution was set to be considered and hopefully passed today asking the Board to leave the memorial in place and included in the proposed project. Essentially would have worked seamlessly by providing Council’s wishes in a timely fashion to the members of the Park Board for their consideration when they sat for their meeting on the twentieth. Obviously, this won’t occur due to the meeting dates, which it took place last week. However, at last week’s meeting the Park Board came to the decision to include the memorial in its renovation project. Since this is now the case, and after discussing it with Councilman Ash, I decided to amend the resolution to reflect Council’s support for their decision and propose that we, as Council need to bring the American Legion and the V. F. W. together, and with Council’s help to clean and maintain the monuments to get it prepared for it’s fiftieth year in place in front of the Community Center. I’d like to thank all those involved in helping to keep this important piece of history exactly where it belongs, and Councilman Ash for standing up with me and speaking for our constituents.”
APPLAUSE
Councilmember Miller commented, “I’d just like to make one brief comment. As some of you may know, I chaired that Renaissance Festival, created it and chaired it for four years. And, I’d like to say that the memorial was part of our festival, and when you’re down there in the festival, and you’re working to develop and put things together and you see all the visitors that we get the day of the festival, how many of them go over and visit the memorial. And, it’s always been a pleasure to have it there in that spot, and we plan the festival around it, so, and we didn’t disturb it. And, I’m thankful for the Councilmen for their support, and I think we’re moving in the right direction. And, I would like to say one thing though. If you want to close off Main Street, you have to talk to the State of West Virginia. It’s a state road.”
LAUGHTER
Councilmember Miller commented, “And, we ask a year ahead of time, and we’ll help you if you need to shut it down for any services. That’s all I wanted to say, but I’m thankful.”
APPLAUSE
Councilmember Fijewski commented, “I’d just like to make one comment. I understand that there has been some differences concerning, you know, moving of the veteran’s memorial, and I’m a veteran. So, you know, I think I can speak appropriately to the point as someone did serve his country. But, I also think we should, you know, hopefully put this behind us, and I also would like to suggest that we don’t forget that Senator Bowman has been instrumental in getting us in the neighborhood of six hundred and thirty thousand dollars for the Community Center. I’m not here to support Ed Bowman one way or the other. That’s for Ed to do. But, I think it’s something we should recognize, having that kind of money come back into the City and to be used in the City is a real plus for us, particularly at a time when we’re really desperate for money. And, I think we should remember that. Thank you.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Thank you.”
Councilmember Ash commented, “Mayor, if I may. I want to thank all of you for coming today, especially the veterans that are here and the families of veterans. I do appreciate you coming. As you know the Park Board did change their mind. They’re not moving the memorial. I think Terry was quoted as saying that they’re going to move it back a few feet closer to the building. I don’t know if that’s a done deal or not. I just, they’re still working on that. So, I want you to know that. But also, not only to just to thank all of you for being here. I want to thank three of you who just kept pounding me by telephone calls. And, I know that you live in different parts of the City, but you still had the courtesy to call me, and I do appreciate it. Mrs. Leppar, I believe is her name. She called me a few times. I do appreciate her comments, and also the comments that you gave me concerning her husband. Mr. Fabianich is relentless. He will not let up for anything. And, this man must have called me I don’t know even how many times, but I do appreciate him pushing as hard as he did to do the things that he did. I also want to thank Alden Edwards. Alden Edwards called me sometimes a dozen times a day, and I’m not exaggerating. I have it on my caller ID to prove it, and I do appreciate it. Something that you guys don’t know is you made the man mad. Somebody at the last veteran’s memorial function that we had, when he had a petition stating that he did not want the memorial to be moved, four individuals verbally accosted him in his wheelchair outside trying to get this petition signed. And, all that did was made him madder and made him more relentless. So, I appreciate those four people that did that because he might have given up if they hadn’t had done to him. So, thank you.”
APPLAUSE
Mayor Harris commented, “I also would like to thank you guys for coming. A lot of you have come up to me and gave me your comments and feelings on how you felt about the memorial. And, I did talk to a lot of you a couple weeks ago, and I did ensure that I’d pass the information on to the Senator and the Park Board. Well, talking with the Senator, I’ll let you guys know that I felt like he wants to hear from you guy and honestly whatever the feelings are about the Senator, I don’t believe they’re true. He does want to do what’s best for Weirton, and when I did talk to him, I let him know the concerns that you guys were having, and he did make the phone call to the Park Board. And, I’d like to thank the Park Board and the Senator Bowman for changing their mind. Thank you very much.”
APPLAUSE
The motion carried by majority, 6/0.
APPLAUSE
Mayor Harris commented, “Sir?”
Mr. Williams commented, “Mayor, I didn’t sign the sheet to speak, but I’d like to say something.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Go ahead sir. Step up.”
Robert Williams Weirton, WV (WWII Veteran, VFW, American Legion): Re: Memorial Mr. Williams commented, “I’d like to thank you for your resolution to keep the memorial here. And, what I wanted to mention to you is the flag poles. Will the flag poles and the flags be staying where they’re at?”
Mayor Harris commented, “At this time, sir, that’s something that the Park Board and, I guess the Park Board would be deciding. I don’t know at this time.”
Mr. Weigel commented, “We don’t have final…”
Mr. Williams commented, “They look very nice where they’re at. It’s very nice to have flag poles to have back of the memorial.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Yes. We talked to them last week, some of the Park Board Members. Also, Senator Bowman came to the meeting, and nothing is final yet on what they plan on doing with the façade program. So, they are still looking at different ways to save money and what they can do to the actual façade. So, nothing’s in place yet.
Ordinance No. (New) AMENDING THE TEXT OF THE UNIFIED DEVELOPMENT ORDINANCE SECTION 15.8.2 (A) DRIVEWAYS; 3.6.7 CONDITIONAL USE REAPPLICATION 3.6.2.1 (I) CONDITIONAL USE APPLICATION INFORMATION AND 3.7.2 (E) VARIANCE APPLICATION INFORMATION.
Motion to table the ordinance until after discussion with the UDO Officer was made by Councilmember Ash, second by Councilmember Miller.
The motion carried by majority, 5/1, with Councilmember Fijewski voting no.
Mayor Harris commented, “Councilman Fijewski, would you like to…”
Councilmember Fijewski commented, “Yes. Just one small business item. As Council would remember, we passed the creation of a Hall of Fame Committee, and as part of the by-laws of the Hall of Fame Committee, it indicated that the tenure of the individuals being appointed by Council members would be determined by lot. So, what I’d like to ask the City Clerk to do is to pass this among us so we can choose, by lot, pick whatever it is that’s going to be for your, your area. If you would please. Start with George if you want to and go around. You can pick it out for each of them to save time.”
Drawing for the duration of appointment for the initial terms of each of Council’s and the Mayor’s selected candidate to the City of Weirton Hall of Fame Committee
Councilman Ash 4 years Councilman Jones 2 years Councilman Marsh 3 years Councilman Miller 3 years Mayor Harris 2 years Mayor Harris 4 years Councilman Dalrymple 2 years Councilman Fijewski 3 years Councilman Kondik 4 years
Councilmember Fijewski commented, “Just in closing on that Mayor, I would ask that once the Councilmember decides who they’re going to appoint that they notify Millicent. And, again as I mentioned before I’d like that as early as possible. I would appreciate it, so the Committee could get on with it’s work. It’s going to be quite a bit of work. So, thank you.”
Mayor Harris commented, “Thank you.”
ADJOURNMENT
With no further business before this March 18, 2008 special session of the Weirton City Council the meeting was adjourned after the closing prayer.
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